What is cosmic inflation?
Cosmic inflation is a faster-than-light expansion of the universe that spawned many others. Cosmic inflation solves these problems at a stroke. In its earliest instants, the universe expanded faster than light (light’s speed limit only applies to things within the universe).
What is the cosmic equation?
We show that when one forces LCDM to satisfy the equation of state w=(rho_r/3-rho_de)/rho, the value of the Hubble radius today, c/H_0, can equal its measured value ct_0 only with Omega_m~0.27 when the equation of state for dark energy is w_de=-1. …
How fast was inflation of the universe?
According to the theory of inflation, the early Universe expanded exponentially fast for a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. Cosmologists introduced this idea in 1981 to solve several important problems in cosmology. One of these problems is the horizon problem.
What is an equation of state parameter?
The equation-of-state parameter governs the rate at which the dark energy density evolves. For a perfect, unchanging vacuum energy, we have w=-1: the pressure is equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the energy density.
How does cosmic inflation start?
In our modern conception of cosmic inflation, that period of rapid, accelerated expansion is driven by a new character to join the cosmological cast: something called the inflaton. Get it? The inflaton inflates. In this picture, the inflaton is a quantum field that permeates all of space and time.
What is inflation Alan Guth?
Physicist Alan Guth, the father of cosmic inflation theory, describes emerging ideas about where our universe comes from, what else is out there, and what caused it to exist in the first place. “It sets up the conditions for the big bang—like a prequel,” says Guth, a professor of physics at MIT.
What is the most famous equation ever?
equation E = Mc2
The equation E = Mc2 is perhaps the most famous equation of twentieth- century physics. It is a statement that mass and energy are two forms of the same thing, and that one can be converted into the other (ibid., p. 493).
What triggered cosmic inflation?
In our modern conception of cosmic inflation, that period of rapid, accelerated expansion is driven by a new character to join the cosmological cast: something called the inflaton. In this picture, the inflaton is a quantum field that permeates all of space and time.
How can you prove that the universe is expanding?
As the waves move further apart the wavelength becomes longer which moves the spectrum toward the red side of the spectrum. The red shift as explained by the doppler effect shows that the universe is expanding. The observations of Hubble about the red shift caused a shift in the philosophical theories of the universe.
What is equation of state in thermodynamics?
In physics, chemistry, and thermodynamics, an equation of state is a thermodynamic equation relating state variables, which describe the state of matter under a given set of physical conditions, such as pressure, volume, temperature, or internal energy.