What are the techniques used in cytology?
The most famous ones are FNA, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), and needle aspiration biopsy cytology (NABC). All of them mean the same thing; aspirating cellular material using a fine needle to make a diagnosis.
What are the significance of cell block techniques?
The use of the cell block technique enables the retrieval of small tissue fragments in a fluid specimen which are processed to form a paraffin block. It has been widely accepted that this method of analysis increases the cellular yield and improves diagnostic accuracy.
How do cytology is important in diagnosis?
A diagnostic test, such as a cytology test, determines if abnormal cells are present. If so, the test accurately classifies the disease. A healthcare provider uses screening tests to see if a person could have a certain disease, such as cancer, even before they experience symptoms.
What is the key significance of doing respiratory cytology?
One of the main uses of respiratory tract cytology is in the diagnosis of tumors of the lung. It also plays a role in a range of infective and inflammatory processes.
What is the use of Ayre’s spatula?
The Ayre spatula is a device used to collect Pap smear. It is a wooden spatula with U shaped openings on one side and a flat surface on another. The broad end is for vaginal sample collection and the narrow end is for cervical sample collection.
How are cell blocks prepared in cytology?
The cell block is prepared from the pellet of centrifuged cell suspension by adding plasma and thrombin to enmesh the cellular material in a clot (Fig. 1). Add up to 20 mL of specimen to a falcon tube and centrifuge for 10 minutes at 1,650 rpm. After centrifugation, the supernatant is decanted.
What is a cell block?
Cell block (CB) refers to the collecting of sediment, blood clots, or grossly visible pieces of tissue from cytologic specimens that are processed into paraffin blocks and stained mainly by hematoxylin-eosin, a stain familiar to all pathologists [2, 3].
What does a cytopathologist do?
The cytopathologist is a patient advocate that may decide when a procedure may be performed and which ancillary tests may be indicated. A cytopathologist performs FNA biopsies or assesses adequacy of an FNA procedure performed by another practitioner and as such is directly involved in patient care.
What is an example of cytology?
For example, a common example of diagnostic cytology is the evaluation of cervical smears (referred to as the Papanicolaou test or Pap smear). In order for cytologic evaluation to be carried out, the material to be examined is spread onto glass slides and stained.
How do you perform a cytology test?
A urine cytology test requires a urine sample, which you provide by urinating into a sterile container. In some cases, a urine sample is collected using a thin, hollow tube (catheter) that’s inserted into your urethra and moved up to your bladder.
What is cytopathology?
Cytopathology is a branch of pathology that study and diagnose diseases by evaluation of the cellular changes that happen to the cells. 4. Types of cytology samples Exfoliative cytology Aspiration cytology (Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) Body fluids
What are the steps in cytopreparatory techniques?
Steps in Cytopreparatory Techniques: 1. Evaluation of specimens 2. Preparation of smears 3. Fixation 4. Staining and coverslipping Evaluation Smear fixation staining 22.
What is oral cytology and why is it important?
Oral cytology is becoming increasingly important in the early diagnosis of oral cancers, as a procedure for obtaining cell samples that can then be analysed by sophisticated diagnostic techniques such as cytomorphometry, DNA cytometry, and molecular analyses.
What are the different types of fluids studied in cytopathology?
Body fluids • Body fluids like Urine, Pleural fluid, Pericardial fluid, Cerebrospinal fluid, Synovial fluid and Ascitic fluid can be studied for cytopathology. 12. Pleural fluid 13. Pericardial fluid 14.