What are the inhibitors of RNA synthesis?

What are the inhibitors of RNA synthesis?

Inhibitors that are effective against mammalian topoisomerases, such as irinotecan and etoposide, are used as antineoplastic drugs to kill cancer cells. Rifampicin blocks initiation of RNA synthesis by specifically inhibiting bacterial RNA polymerase.

Which step of transcription is inhibited by rifampicin?

Rifampin specifically inhibits bacterial RNA polymerase, the enzyme responsible for DNA transcription, by forming a stable drug-enzyme complex with a binding constant of 10(-9) M at 37 C.

How does rifampicin affect RNA polymerase?

Rifampicin binds to the exit channel of the RNA polymerase by making specific contacts that involve the β-subunit of RNA polymerase. Rifampicin blocks the exit channel thereby inhibiting transcription (Campbell et al., 2001).

Does rifampicin inhibit RNA synthesis?

It is claimed that the overall inhibition of RNA synthesis by rifampicin is caused by a destabilising effect on the binding of the intermediate oligonucleotides to the active enzyme-DNA complex. Rifampicin itself can only interact specifically with RNA polymerase if the enzyme is free or in a binary complex with DNA.

What are the inhibitors of replication?

Classical inhibitors of herpesvirus replication cause chain termination during viral DNA replication. Similarly, the HIV reverse transcriptase is the major target of anti-HIV compounds. The broad-spectrum antiviral agent ribavirin affects viral nucleic acid replication by multiple mechanisms.

Is Penicillin an inhibitor?

Penicillin is an active-site inhibitor for four genera of bacteria.

What is another name for rifampin?

Rifampin is available under the following different brand names: Rifadin and Rimactane.

Are rifampin and rifampicin the same?

Rifampicin, also known as rifampin, is an antibiotic used to treat several types of bacterial infections, including tuberculosis (TB), Mycobacterium avium complex, leprosy, and Legionnaires’ disease.

Which drugs inhibit translation process?

Ribosomal translocation

• Macrolides, clindamycin and aminoglycosides (with all these three having other potential mechanisms of action as well), have evidence of inhibition of ribosomal translocation.
• Fusidic acid prevents the turnover of elongation factor G (EF-G) from the ribosome.